COVID-19 Vaccines: A Comparison

The moment we’ve all been waiting for… the COVID-19 vaccine has finally been released! Even more surprising, not only has one vaccine been approved and released, but rather two. These incredible vaccines go by the names of Moderna and Pfizer-BioNTech. Both have been available to Americans since December and are considered mRNA vaccines.


What Are Their Similarities?


Pfizer and Moderna are both mRNA vaccines. What does that mean exactly? Well to put it in simpler terms, they both use messenger RNA which tells cells to produce a protein on the surface of the virus. The immune system in turn, recognizes the vaccine-spike proteins as pathogens and produces antibodies to block future attacks of the virus causing COVID-19. Another thing that both vaccines have in common is that they were both developed in the United States and require two doses for maximum effectiveness and protection from COVID-19.


How Are They Different?


Even though Pfizer and Moderna are both mRNA vaccines, there are quite a few differences between them. For instance, the Moderna vaccine’s pricing is $15 while Pfizer’s is $20. It is no wonder then that these vaccines have mostly been purchased by high-income countries like the United States, Canada, and the European Union. Further, Moderna can be stored in a refrigerator for a whole month, does not need to be diluted, and needs to be kept frozen for longer-term storage. Pfizer on the other hand, must be mixed prior to being used, maybe stored at -13 to 5 degrees Ferenheit for up to 2 weeks, longer storage must be at -112 to -76 degrees Ferenheit.


Safety and Side Effects


Unfortunately, there may be some side effects Unfortunately, there may be some side effects associated with Moderna and Pfizer however adverse or allergic reactions to these vaccines are rare. Some mild to moderate side effects seen in clinical trials ranged from pain at the injection site, aching muscles and joints, and/or fatigue. Before getting vaccinated, it would be wise to inform a healthcare professional if one has an allergy to any of the vaccines ingredients. Individuals with a history of severe allergic reactions and/or anaphylaxis should also consult their physician before receiving their COVID-19 vaccine.


Can Some Vaccines Work Better Than Others?


There has been a lot of controversy whether some vaccines are more effective against the Coronavirus than others. Many health care experts claim that all vaccines are effective, however since trials were conducted at different times, it isdifficult to estimate their effectiveness figures. However in one specific large-scale trial for Pfizer, the vaccine was shown to prevent about 95% of symptomatic COVID-19, one percent more than the Moderna vaccine. This trial contributed to many believing the Pfizer vaccine to be more effective against COVID than Moderna. Additionally, studies conducted also showed both vaccines to be equally protective across all ethnic and racial groups.


Things to Keep in Mind


Even though the Moderna and Pfizer vaccines have been released and distributed to the public, it is still unclear as to how long they will continue to protect individuals. Due to this, companies will continue following volunteers for 2 years further testing the vaccines and if their immunity beings to wave. It has even been said that periodic booster shots will be given to extend immunity and protect against new variants of the virus.

Fall Prevention Strategies: Home Modifications, Exercises, and More
By Eva Eva February 19, 2025
Fall Prevention Strategies: Home Modifications, Exercises, and More
Inclusive Halloween festivities for seniors with safe, festive activities
By Daisy Sarino February 13, 2025
Halloween is often associated with children trick-or-treating and young adults hosting costume parties. But it’s a holiday for everyone, including seniors. While seniors may not be as involved in the traditional, high-energy aspects of the celebration, there are plenty of ways for them to enjoy Halloween in fun, creative, and meaningful ways. Here’s how seniors can participate in the Halloween festivities while ensuring safety and inclusivity. 1. Creative Costumes and Dressing Up Costumes aren’t just for kids! Seniors can have just as much fun dressing up for Halloween. Whether it’s a simple mask or an elaborate costume inspired by favorite characters, seniors can express their creativity and sense of humor. For those who prefer a low-key approach, themed hats, scarves, or even festive sweaters can provide a way to celebrate in comfort. Encouraging seniors to choose their own costumes, or even making costumes together with family members or fellow residents in assisted living facilities, can bring joy and foster a sense of community. The process of creating or selecting a costume is an opportunity to share memories and stories, making Halloween a time for connection across generations. 2. Pumpkin Decorating Pumpkin carving is a classic Halloween activity, but it may not be the best option for all seniors, especially those with mobility or dexterity challenges. Instead, pumpkin decorating can offer a safer and equally enjoyable alternative. Painting pumpkins, adding stickers, or using markers to create fun designs are great ways for seniors to engage in the seasonal spirit without the risk of using sharp tools. This activity can be done individually or as part of a group. Hosting a pumpkin-decorating contest or displaying the finished creations can enhance the festive atmosphere in a senior community or at home. 3. Hosting or Participating in a Halloween Party For seniors, Halloween parties can be tailored to be more relaxed, focusing on music, themed foods, and simple games. Some ideas for a senior-friendly Halloween party include: Costume Parade: Allowing seniors to showcase their costumes in a relaxed and fun environment. Halloween Bingo: A twist on the classic game with themed cards or prizes. Storytelling Sessions: Sharing spooky (but not too scary!) stories or personal Halloween memories can be a hit. A party like this offers a chance for social interaction, something that’s especially valuable for seniors who may feel isolated or live in assisted living communities. 4. Spooky (but Senior-Friendly) Movies Watching Halloween-themed movies is a great way to enjoy the holiday in a more relaxed setting. Choose movies that are lighthearted and fun rather than overly scary. Some classics, like Hocus Pocus, The Addams Family, or old black-and-white horror films like Dracula or Frankenstein, can be a nostalgic and enjoyable experience for seniors. Many seniors grew up during the era of classic cinema, so these films can bring back fond memories while allowing them to engage in Halloween traditions at their own pace. 5. Trick-or-Treating: Giving Out Candy For seniors who enjoy the social aspect of Halloween, handing out candy to trick-or-treaters is a great way to participate. Whether they’re in their own home or at a senior living facility, interacting with the kids who come by in costume can bring a smile to their faces. If mobility is an issue, simply setting up a chair near the door can make it easier for seniors to be part of the fun without exerting too much energy. For those who might be overwhelmed by a constant stream of visitors, limiting candy distribution to certain hours can ensure they still enjoy the tradition at a manageable pace. 6. Halloween-Themed Crafts Crafting is an enjoyable and relaxing activity that seniors can engage in. Halloween-themed crafts can include making paper decorations, designing cards, or creating small goodie bags for family members or trick-or-treaters. These types of crafts allow seniors to exercise their creativity and dexterity while embracing the spirit of Halloween. Crafting also offers a great opportunity for group interaction. Organizing a craft session for a senior group, where everyone makes decorations or small gifts, can enhance the sense of community while giving everyone something to bring home or share with loved ones. 7. Safety Considerations for Seniors on Halloween While Halloween is fun, it’s important to prioritize the safety and comfort of seniors during this time. Here are a few tips to keep in mind: Well-Lit Walkways: If seniors are handing out candy at home, make sure walkways are clear of obstacles and well-lit to prevent falls. Avoid Heavy or Restrictive Costumes: Costumes should be comfortable and easy to move in. Seniors should avoid anything too heavy, restrictive, or prone to causing tripping hazards. Limit Overstimulation: Some seniors may find loud noises or frequent doorbells overwhelming. Consider using a sign that explains when trick-or-treating hours are over to help manage the flow of visitors. Mindful of Diet: If dietary restrictions are a concern, seniors can participate in the holiday by offering non-candy treats like stickers, small toys, or even fruit. 8. Intergenerational Celebrations One of the greatest joys of Halloween is the chance to bond across generations. Seniors and their grandchildren or younger family members can share in the fun by decorating together, sharing stories, or trick-or-treating as a family. Even small gestures like taking family photos in matching costumes or baking Halloween treats together can make the holiday special for seniors and their loved ones. Intergenerational activities enrich the experience for everyone involved, as they provide a way for seniors to stay connected to family traditions while creating new memories. Conclusion Halloween can be a special and inclusive celebration for seniors, offering opportunities for creativity, socialization, and fun. By adapting activities to meet their physical abilities and preferences, seniors can enjoy the holiday in meaningful ways. Whether it's through crafting, costume fun, or simply spending time with family, Halloween can be a time of joy for people of all ages.
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